Withinternationalbooksalesinthemillions,RalphConnorwasthebest-knownCanadiannovelistofthefirsttwodecadesoftheTwentiethCentury.GlengarrySchoolDays(1902),hugelypopularinitstime,isbasedonhismemoriesofgrowingupinruralOntarioaroundthetimeofCanadianconfederation.AlthoughConnorsawhimselfaswritingmoralfictionforadults,generationsofyoungerreadershavealsoenjoyedtheseaffectionateandgentlyamusingsketches,andexcerptsfromGlengarrySchoolDayshaveappearedinschoolanthologies.
AlexanderHamiltonwasasignificantfigureinthepoliticalandeconomicdevelopmentoftheearlyUnitedStates.HeservedintheAmericanRevolutionaryWarandbecameanaidetoGeneralGeorgeWashington.Hewasoneoftheauthors(alongwithJohnJayandJamesMadison)ofaseriesofessaysknowasTheFederalistPapers,whichwerewritteninsupportoftheratificationoftheproposedConstitution.ScholarsandothersstillrefertotheseessaystothisdayforinterpretationoftheConstitution.AsthefirstSecretaryoftheTreasuryinGeorgeWashington’sCabinet,Hamiltonwasaproponentofastrongcentralizedgovernment.Hamiltonpursuedmanyactions(somecontroversial)inanattempttoprovidefinancialstabilityforthenewgovernment,includingtheestablishmentoftheU.S.MintandaNationalBank.Ironically,hemaymostoftenberememberedfortheinfamouspistolduelwithAaronBurrthatresultedinHamilton’sdeath.
Anon-fictionwork,comparingandcollectingghoststoriesbyClassicalGreekandRepublicanorImperialRomanauthors.
NatalieGraybrookeisinlovewithhercousinLauncelotLinzie,butengagedtoMr.Turlington,anoldermanwhocovetsherfortuneandwhomshedetests.TurlingtonistheexecutorofNatalie'sfather'sestate.WhenNataliesecretlymarrieshercousin,TurlingtonarrangestohaveNatalie'sfathermurdered,togaincontrolofhisfortune.
Akind,good-heartedgenteelyoungwomanjilted,asuspiciousdeathortwothatonlyafewthinkcouldbemurder,strangeapparitionsappearinginanhotelallcombinetocreateahorrifyingconundrum.Whowastheculpritandwillfindingoutfinallyputanendtothemystery?
Aftehisfathe’sdeathGeadoylakeetunsfomGemanytotakeuphisinheitanceatTimleyDeen.Ononeeveninghemeetshischildhoodfiend,CistelTolle.Theyfallinlove,buttheeisacux.Adeafman,calledTheLodgeisobsessedwithCistel.HeinvitesGeadtoteawithevilintentions…andGeadacceptstheinvitation.ThebookiswitteninthefistpesonandtellsthestoyfomGead'spointofview.
TheFrozenDeepisastoryofalovetrianglebetweenClara,FrankandRichard,spicedupwithdangerousexpeditions,mysteriousvisionsandlife-threateningcircumstances.Theendisassurprisingandunexpectedasweare(orarenot)accustomedtoinCollins'books.
JosephMuller,quietmannereddetective,triestosolvethemysteryofamanwhodiedinhisstudy,byabulletholeinthechest.Butallwindowsanddoorswerelocked,fromtheinside.
BuffaloBillwasarguably,themostrecognizedmanintheworldwhenhepennedthisbook.Thefirstfourstoriesareofsomeofhisadventuresandtheremaining6areautobiographical.Allofthemhavebeenprovedtobehistoricallyaccurateinallimportantaspects.Fromhisserviceaschiefscoutforthe3rdCavalryduringtheplainswars,tohisponyexpressserviceandfinallythestoryofhowhegothisnickname"BuffaloBill",everythingislargerthanlife.Killing4,280buffaloin18monthsfortherailroadworkerswasanamazingfeat.FollowalongashetellsofhisIndiancampaignsandthenhisworldfamous"WildWestShow"laterinlife.Theforewordgivesabriefsummaryofthisman'samazinglife.HerespectedtheIndiansandurgedequalrightsforwomen,somethingamazinginitselfforhistime.
BuffaloBillwasarguably,themostrecognizedmanintheworldwhenhepennedthisbook.Thefirstfourstoriesareofsomeofhisadventuresandtheremaining6areautobiographical.Allofthemhavebeenprovedtobehistoricallyaccurateinallimportantaspects.Fromhisserviceaschiefscoutforthe3rdCavalryduringtheplainswars,tohisponyexpressserviceandfinallythestoryofhowhegothisnickname"BuffaloBill",everythingislargerthanlife.Killing4,280buffaloin18monthsfortherailroadworkerswasanamazingfeat.FollowalongashetellsofhisIndiancampaignsandthenhisworldfamous"WildWestShow"laterinlife.Theforewordgivesabriefsummaryofthisman'samazinglife.HerespectedtheIndiansandurgedequalrightsforwomen,somethingamazinginitselfforhistime.
FannyHill:MemoirsofaWomanofPleasure(1749)wasthefirstwidely-readEnglishnovelinthegenre“Erotica.”ItwaswrittenbyJohnClelandashewasservinghardtimeatadebtor’sprisoninLondon.Overthecenturies,thenovelhasbeenrepeatedlybannedbyauthorities,assuringitspreeminentroleinthehistoryoftheongoingstruggleagainstcensorshipoffreeexpression.
ContainingmanyealisticdetailsbasedonChildes’ownsailingtipsalongtheGemanNothSeacoast,thebookistheetellingofayachtingexpeditionintheealy20thcentuycombinedwithanadventuousspystoy.ItwasoneoftheealyinvasionnovelswhichpedictedwawithGemanyandcalledfoBitishpepaedness.TheplotinvolvestheuncoveingofsecetGemanpepaationsfoaninvasionoftheUnitedKingdom.Itisoftencalledthefistmodenspynovel,althoughothesaeaswell,itwascetainlyveyinfluentialinthegeneandfoitstime.ThebookenjoyedimmensepopulaityintheyeasbefoeWoldWaIandwasextemelyinfluential.WinstonChuchilllatecediteditasamajoeasonthattheAdmialtydecidedtoestablishnavalbasesatInvegodon,theFithofFothandScapaFlow.
ContainingmanyealisticdetailsbasedonChildes’ownsailingtipsalongtheGemanNothSeacoast,thebookistheetellingofayachtingexpeditionintheealy20thcentuycombinedwithanadventuousspystoy.ItwasoneoftheealyinvasionnovelswhichpedictedwawithGemanyandcalledfoBitishpepaedness.TheplotinvolvestheuncoveingofsecetGemanpepaationsfoaninvasionoftheUnitedKingdom.Itisoftencalledthefistmodenspynovel,althoughothesaeaswell,itwascetainlyveyinfluentialinthegeneandfoitstime.ThebookenjoyedimmensepopulaityintheyeasbefoeWoldWaIandwasextemelyinfluential.WinstonChuchilllatecediteditasamajoeasonthattheAdmialtydecidedtoestablishnavalbasesatInvegodon,theFithofFothandScapaFlow.
AnEnglishepicpoemthatfollowstheexploitsofAlfredtheGreatinhisdefenseofChristiancivilizationinEnglandfromtheheathennihilismoftheNorth.FollowingastringofdefeatsatthehandsoftheinvadingDanes,avisionfromheavenintheriverislandofAthelneyfillsAlfredwithjoyandhope.Thoughitgivesnopromiseofvictoryinthecomingstruggle,itinspireshimtorallyhischieftainsforalaststandagainsttheinvadinghordes.Hisadventuresleadthroughoutthecountryashegathershismen,andtakehimthroughtheDanishcampsdisguisedasaminstrelbeforeculminatingintheBattleofEthanduneandtheprophesyingoftheenemy’ssubtlereturnintheagestocome.
ThreeSistersisanaturalisticplayaboutthedecayoftheprivilegedclassinRussiaandthesearchformeaninginthemodernworld.ItdescribesthelivesandaspirationsoftheProzorovfamily,thethreesisters(Olga,Masha,andIrina)andtheirbrotherAndrei.Theyareafamilydissatisfiedandfrustratedwiththeirpresentexistence.ThesistersarerefinedandculturedyoungwomenwhogrewupinurbanMoscow;howeverforthepastelevenyearstheyhavebeenlivinginasmallprovincialtown.Moscowisamajorsymbolicelement:thesistersarealwaysdreamingofitandconstantlyexpresstheirdesiretoreturn.TheyidentifyMoscowwiththeirhappiness,andthustothemitrepresentstheperfectlife.HoweverastheplaydevelopsMoscownevermaterializesandtheyallseetheirdreamsrecedefurtherandfurther.Meaningneverpresentsitselfandtheyareforcedtoseekitoutforthemselves.
ThisisthefistofthiteenvolumesofAntonChekhov’sshotstoies,tanslatedbyConstanceGanett.AntonChekhovwasaussiandoctowhotunedtofictionasahobby,andquicklyblossomedintooneofthemastesoftheshotstoygene.Thoughheisaguablybestknownfohisdamaticwoks,suchasTheCheyOchad,hisstoiesaewidelyconsideedtobesomeofthemostpefectexamplesofshotfictionevewitten.
thefirstofwhataregenerallyconsideredtobethefourmajorplaysbytheRussiandramatistAntonChekhov.Theplaywaswrittenin1895andfirstproducedin1896.Itdramatisestheromanticandartisticconflictsbetweenfourcharacters:theingenueNina,thefadingleadingladyIrinaArkadina,hersontheexperimentalplaywrightKonstantinTreplyov,andthefamousmiddlebrowstorywriterTrigorin.
TheplotcentresaroundLaevsky,whoislivinginasmallseasidetownintheCaucasusafterrunningawaywithanotherman'swife,NadyezhdaFyodorovna,amiddreamsofstartinganewlife.ThedreamshavecometonothingasLaevskyidlesawayhislifedrinkingandplayingcards,andNadyezhdabeginstohaveotheraffairs.Laevsky'sschemetorunawayagain,thistimewithouthismistress,bringshimintoconflictwiththerationalistVonKoren,whobelievesinDarwinianprinciplesofnaturalselectionandextinctionoftheweakanduseless.MatterscometoaheadwhenanoutburstfromLaevskyleadstoaduel.VonKorenisdeterminedtoteachLaevksyalesson.
AntonChekhovwasaRussianphysician,dramatistandauthorwhoisconsideredtobeamongthegreatestwritersofshortstoriesinhistory.Hiscareerasadramatistproducedfourclassicsandhisbestshortstoriesareheldinhighesteembywritersandcritics.Chekhovpracticedasadoctorthroughoutmostofhisliterarycareer:"Medicineismylawfulwife",heoncesaid,"andliteratureismymistress."Chekhovhadatfirstwrittenstoriesonlyforfinancialgain,butashisartisticambitiongrew,hemadeformalinnovationswhichhaveinfluencedtheevolutionofthemodernshortstory.Hisoriginalityconsistsinanearlyuseofthestream-of-consciousnesstechnique,lateradoptedbyJamesJoyceandothermodernists,combinedwithadisavowalofthemoralfinalityoftraditionalstorystructure.Hemadenoapologiesforthedifficultiesthisposedtoreaders,insistingthattheroleofanartistwastoaskquestions,nottoanswerthem.Thisisacollectionof7ofhisinsightfulshortstoriesaboutthehumanconditionandinclude,besidethetitlestory,ADoctor'sVisit;AnUpheaval;Ionitch;andTheHusbandwhicharebestknown.
HiramChaseisawelllikedReverendinasmallministryinUtica.Whenhismentalandphysicalhealthdeteriorates,heistakentoUticalunaticasylum.Afterhisstayintheasylum,Hiramdocumentshisexperiencesandthoseofotherpatientsintheasylum.Hedescribeshisdailyroutineandthenegativeexperienceshehad,alongwithpraisingcertainindividualswhomhemetduringhis"TwoYearsandFourMonthsinaLunaticAsylum".
Cellini'sautobiographicalmemoirs,whichhebeganwritinginFlorencein1558,giveadetailedaccountofhissingularcareer,aswellashisloves,hatreds,passions,anddelights,writteninanenergetic,direct,andracystyle.Theyshowagreatself-regardandself-assertion,sometimesrunningintoextravaganceswhichareimpossibletocredit.Heevenwritesinacomplacentwayofhowhecontemplatedhismurdersbeforecarryingthemout.HewritesofhistimeinParis:
Cellini’sautobiogaphicalmemois,whichhebeganwitinginFloencein1558,giveadetailedaccountofhissingulacaee,aswellashisloves,hateds,passions,anddelights,witteninanenegetic,diect,andacystyle.Theyshowageatself-egadandself-assetion,sometimesunningintoextavaganceswhichaeimpossibletocedit.Heevenwitesinacomplacentwayofhowhecontemplatedhismudesbefoecayingthemout.HewitesofhistimeinPais:Patsofhistaleecountsomeextaodinayeventsandphenomena;suchashisstoiesofconjuingupalegionofdevilsintheColosseum,afteoneofhisnotinnumeousmistesseshadbeenspiitedawayfomhimbyhemothe;ofthemaveloushalooflightwhichhefoundsuoundinghisheadatdawnandtwilightaftehisomanimpisonment,andhissupenatualvisionsandangelicpotectionduingthatadvesity;andofhisbeingpoisonedontwosepaateoccasions.Theautobiogaphyisaclassic,andcommonlyegadedasoneofthemostcolouful;itiscetainlythemostimpotantautobiogaphyfomtheenaissance.Cellini’sautobiogaphyisoneofthebooksTomSawyementionsasinspiationwhilefeeingJiminTheAdventuesofHucklebeyFinn.
Duingthelasttwoyeas,Fate,Chance,andDestinyhadbeentoobusytoattendtoMikeClinch.ButnowhistunwascomingintheEtenalSequenceofthings.ThestasintheicousesindicatedthebeginningoftheundoingofMikeClinch.IntheNothWoods,mayhemensuesastheepatiesviefopossessionoftheFlamingJewel.Becomeimmesedinthechasingandslinkingtodeteminewhowillpossessthisfamedjewel.Bettethantypicaladventuewitingmagnificentlydescibethe19thCentuyNotheastenUSinthisgeatnovel.
Thisisnotalovestory,butthestoryoflove,alovewhicheverymanandwomanwascreatedtoexperience,alovesointenseandfulfillingthatitscarcelyseemspossibletograsp,yetonethatisofferedtoeveryhumanpersonwhoopenshisheartandmindtoitsbeautyandwonder.Thisisalovethatsomanyofourforefathershavefoundandevennowenjoy,butwhichsomanyofusstillseek.TheAmericanJesuitFatherCassillyopensoureyestothislove,theunifyingandpersonallovebetweenthehumanpersonandhisCreator.Heshowshowthisultimateloveisthebasisofalltruelovethatweexperienceandhowthislove,whichintroducesitselfatthebeginningofourlivesandfaithfullyenduresthroughoutourlives,awaitsusinitsfullnessattheendofourearthlypilgrimage.
MotherGooseforGrownupsisadelightfullysillycollectionofparodiesonwell-knownMotherGoosetalesbyGuyWetmoreCarryl.
OneoftheearliestworksbytheAmericanparodist,GuyWetmoreCarryl,thesefablesareadaptedfromJeandeLaFontaine’soriginalwritings.Thefablesarewritteninverse,andarelight-heartedre-tellingsoffablesfromtwocenturiesbefore,eachendingwithamoralandapun.AmongthemorecelebratedofthefablesareThePerseveringTortoiseandthePretentiousHare,TheArrogantFrogandtheSuperiorBull,andTheSycophanticFoxandtheGullibleRaven.
Thenovelhastwomainplots;onesetintherealworldatthetimethebookwaspublished(theVictorianera),theotherinthefantasyworldofFairyland.Whilethelatterplotisafairytalewithmanynonsenseelementsandpoems,similartoCarroll’sAlicebooks,thestorysetinVictorianBritainisasocialnovel,withitscharactersdiscussingvariousconceptsandaspectsofreligion,society,philosophyandmorality.
LewisCarroll(1832-1896)isfamousforAlice’sAdventuresinWonderland.ItislesswidelyknownthatheworkedasalecturerformathematicsatChristChurchcollege,Oxfordfor27years.Atangledtalemergeshistwotalentsasstorytellerandmathematician.Itconsistsoftenshorthumorousstorieswhichpresentoneormoremathematicalproblems.Thetenknotsastheyarecalled,werefirstpublishedinTheMonthlyPacketmagazinebetweenApril1880andMarch1885,wherereaderswereinvitedtosolvetheproblems,andthesolutionwasdiscussedinalaterissue.
ThisisthehandwrittenbookthatCarrollwroteforprivateusebeforebeingurgedtodevelopitlaterintoAliceinWonderland.ItwasgenerouslyillustratedbyCarrollandmeanttoentertainhisfamilyandfriends.Whenasickchildinahospitalenjoyeditsomuch,themotherwrotehimsayingithaddistractedherforabitfromherpainandledeventuallytoCarrollexpandingthestory.TheReverendCharlesLutwidgeDodgsonandtheReverendRobinsonDuckworthrowedinaboat,on4July1862,[12]uptheIsiswiththethreeyoungdaughtersofHenryLiddell,(theVice-ChancellorofOxfordUniversityandDeanofChristChurch):LorinaCharlotteLiddell(aged13,born1849);AlicePleasanceLiddell(aged10,born1852):EdithMaryLiddell(aged8,born1853).
23differentrecordingsofAlicePleasanceLiddellbyLewisCarroll.ThiswastheweeklypoetryprojectfortheweekofJune17th,2007.